In the business context, you may have to describe trends in reports, meetings, and presentations. In everyday life, you could describe changes in any subject because things change all the time!
Describing changes and trends generally consists of three parts:
- Use a verb (or an adjective and a noun) to describe movement
- Describe the speed or size of the movement
- Explain the reason or consequence of the change
Some verbs to describe change and movement
Upward Movement
|
Downward Movement
|
Horizontal Movement
|
To climb
To rise
To go up
To improve
To pick up
To recover
To increase
To reach a peak
|
To fall
To decline
To bottom out
To decrease
To drop
To plummet
To deteriorate
To hit a low
To slip back
To do down
|
To even out
To remain stable
To stabilize
|
Some adjectives and adverbs to describe the speed and size of change
Speed
of Change
|
Size
of Change
|
Rapid - Rapidly
Slow - Slowly
Sudden - Suddenly
Sharp - Sharply
Steady - Steadily
Gradual - Gradually
Fast - Quickly
|
Noticeable - Noticeably
Substantial - Substantially
Considerable - Considerably
Slight - Slightly
Significant - Significantly
Dramatic - Dramatically
Negligible - Negligibly
|
Some expressions to express reason, consequence, and result
As a result of
Due to
Because of
Was the reason for
Caused
Resulted in
Explains
Accounts for
That is why
Consequently
So
|
Time Expressions
- In January / In 2011
- In Q1 / Q2 / Q3 / Q4 (In the first quarter / second quarter / third quarter / fourth quarter)
- From January to March
- Between April and July
EXAMPLE
Apple's
sales increased significantly due to
the launch of the iPhone 4.
[verb
+ adverb construction]
There
was a significant increase in
Apple's sales due to the launch of the
iPhone 4.
[adjective
+ noun (word) construction]
|
Our
turnover remained stable in
January and February. However, in March and April, it dropped suddenly as a result of
the financial crisis.
[verb
+ adverb construction]
In
March and April, there was a sudden
drop in our turnover as a result of
the financial crisis.
[verb
+ adverb construction]
|
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